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Situated in the Thi Qar province, approximately 5km northwest of Al-Refaei city and 85km north of Nasiriya, the Garraf oil field has an onshore location. Discovered in 1984, this oil field contains oil reserves within Cretaceous reservoirs. Spanning 17.5km in length and 5.5km in width, it is estimated to harbor 1.3 billion barrels of oil. Upon reaching full production, the field’s production capacity is projected to escalate to 230,000 barrels of oil per day (bopd). Transportation of the oil field’s products is facilitated through a 13km pipeline to the Gharraf-Badra tie-in area (GBTA). Subsequently, it is conveyed via a 28-inch, 92km pipeline to the Nassiriyah storage depot.

PEMEX is investing in constructing two new coker plants at the Tula refinery and Salina Cruz refinery, scheduled to go online in 2024, to phase out fuel oil production. The Salina Cruz cracking refinery, located in Oaxaca, Mexico, is a non-integrated cracking facility owned by Petroleos Mexicanos. It commenced operations in 1979 and boasts a Nelson Complexity Index (NCI) of 8.1. Works on the Salina Cruz unit began in 2022. The plant is expected to contribute to the elimination of fuel oil and the increased production of ultra-low sulfur gasoline and diesel at the refinery.

Located onshore Libya, the Abu Attifel and NC 125 fields are active in conventional oil production. Their peak production occurred in 1994, having already recovered 92.14% of their total recoverable reserves. Economic projections indicate that oil extraction will continue until these fields reach their economic limit by 2046. Presently, these fields contribute approximately 5% to Libya’s daily oil output.